COPD Causes - Risk Factors

Asthma & COPD
COPD
COPD Symptoms
Dyspnea
COPD Differential Diagnosis
Is COPD Preventable?

Causes and Risk Factors of COPD

Smoking The most common cause of COPD is a history of active or passive smoking. In fact, it has been estimated that smoking accounts for 80% to 90% of the risk of developing COPD and is responsible for 82% of all deaths due to COPD.
Smoking & Mortality Increased Mortality Associated with Cigarette Smoking Worldwide
Family History of COPD The only concretely identified genetic factor involved in risk of COPD is AAT deficiency. AAT is an enzyme that normally prevents loss of the lungs’ elastic fibers. People with this deficiency do not produce a sufficient amount of this enzyme.
Exposure to Smoke and Pollutants Exposure to chemical fumes and organic dust such as cotton, grain, or wood dusts has been shown to adversely affect the airways.
Patient History of Respiratory Tract Infections Severe viral or bacterial respiratory infections that occur in childhood can cause airway abnormalities that may set the stage for COPD in later life. While there is no concrete evidence that these infections cause COPD, they may worsen the condition.
Socioeconomic Status The risk of developing COPD appears to be inversely related to socioeconomic status—the risk of COPD is higher among people with a lower socioeconomic status.

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